Our eye is the only organ in the human body whose vascular system can be examined and studied without surgical intervention. This is done mainly with the help of retinal cameras, which are extremely important for the diagnosis of instruments that allow obtaining photographs of the fundus (retina).
Retinal (fundus) camera
Let's take a short inside peek. If you know how our eye functions, you will realize that you can look inside in two ways: by surgical operation, or through the pupil, not invasively. In the Fascinating Ophthalmology rubric, we can leave bloody approaches for other papers and now we will talk about how we can use retinal cameras to get full-color and transparent pictures of the retina through the pupil.
To get fundus images, we need to be able to somehow channel a decent amount of light inside the eye, and even place the camera lens inside the pupil. A thing such as a fundus camera has been developed for this, which can either be fitted with an external camera or built into the tool itself. The cameras are also divided into mydriatic and non-mydriatic cameras: those requiring artificial expansion of the pupil (larger shooting angle), and those not needed (smaller shooting angle, infrared guidance).
A little about the concepts of work: light is directed through the eye through a network of lenses, mirrors, and magical passes through a donut-like aperture. How do we need a ring of light, why does a flashlight just shine? Do not forget that the light focused inside the eye falls on the retina, is reflected from it and returns to the camera. We don't want a self-shoot with a flash in the mirror to have the effect:
If point by point, then the operation of the fundus camera looks like this:
- We aim at the eye. This is done in infrared lighting so that the pupil does not narrow to the size of a pin head.
- We “look” inside the eye through the pupil and focus on the retina (modern cameras can do this automatically).
- Press the shutter button of the fundus camera. A special flash fires, light enters the eye, and is reflected. The mirror system redirects the reflected light to the camera, and the synchronization system presses the shutter of the camera so that the camera catches the reflected light.
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