What is astigmatism?

Astigmatism is a defect in the curvature of the cornea (a transparent dome-shaped structure covering the iris and pupil of the eye) or in the form of the lens of the eye.

The cornea and lens of the eye typically have a normal form and are bent evenly in all directions, which helps to concentrate the light correctly on the retina located at the back of the eye. If the cornea or lens is not even or has no normal curvature, however, the light rays refract incorrectly, leading to the so-called refraction issue.

Face astigmatism is an condition in which the refractive capacity of the body is affected by its sphericity. In other words, there's the wrong emphasis, and the individual sees a distorted, really blurred picture. There are many ways to treat this condition, and proper treatment can help to diagnose the problem, restore and preserve vision. We will analyze what astigmatism is, what its symptoms are, and how it is treated.

Eye astigmatism: causes, treatment methods

Unlike myopia or farsightedness, it is difficult to determine the distance to the target in the presence of astigmatism which will provide a clear picture. Even if the distance in one meridian is ideal for refracting light, then it does not fit in another meridian.

Kids most frequently get influenced by astigmatism. With this disease those people are already born. But in adulthood, they can disregard the existence of the disease and treat astigmatism, when the condition makes it difficult to live normal.

There are several types of astigmatism: corneal, crystalline, hyperopic, mixed. Each of them has its own characteristics and forms. 

All astigmatisms are inherent in 4 types:

• Physiological;
• Congenital;
• Pathological astigmatism;
• Acquired.

The doctor examines the patient, determines the type and selects procedures for getting rid of the pathology. You can be treated at any age, but the sooner you start, the less consequences there will be.

What happens to the eyes with astigmatism

The cornea of the eye and the lens have some form of normal condition. They are similarly bent in all directions, so that the eye can concentrate the light and relay it to the retina. But a certain curvature is manifested with the development of astigmatism, because of which incorrect refraction occurs.

The eye's retina ceases to receive information, the emphasis either emerges in front of or behind the retina. It is for this reason that a blurred image is obtained. What happens to the astigmatised eyes? The body's function is abnormal, heightened stress is generated, exhaustion happens.

Astigmatism Correction

Today, there are three ways to correct astigmatism: glasses, contact lenses and excimer laser correction.

Correction of astigmatism by glasses

Special "complex" glasses with different cylindrical lenses are most commonly prescribed for astigmatism. Specialists note that wearing "hard" glasses can cause uncomfortable symptoms, such as dizziness, eye pain and visual distress in patients with a high degree of astigmatism. Unlike simple glasses, the recipes for astigmatic "complex" glasses contain data about the cylinder and its axis. Before choosing points it is very necessary that the patient undergoes a detailed diagnosis. Since there are sometimes situations where a person with a "astigmatism" diagnosis has to adjust his or her glasses multiple times.

Contact lenses for astigmatism

As regards the correction of astigmatism with contact lenses, it is important to remember that astigmatism could only be corrected with the help of hard contact lenses until recently. Such a lens pattern not only caused discomfort in the wearing process but also had a detrimental impact on the cornea. Medicine, however, does not stand still and special toric contact lenses are used today to overcome astigmatism.

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