Strabismus is a violation of eye position in which, when looking directly, a deviation of one or both eyes is observed in turn. The representations of objects fall on the central areas of each eye with a symmetrical location of the eyes. We converge into a single binocular image in the cortical portions of the visual analyser. If strabismus fusion does not occur, the central nervous system excludes the picture produced by the squinting eye, in order to protect itself from double vision. Amblyopia occurs with the prolonged presence of such a disorder (a normal, reversible decrease in vision, in which one of the two eyes is nearly (or not at all) involved in the visual process).
Strabismus (regardless of age) is a disorder marked by a deviation from the central axis between one or both of the eyes. When a person has attained full normal binocular vision, and strabism subsequently happens, this is called "adult strabismus." In a way, what happened in children aged 7 to 12 can be known as "adult strabismus."
Causes of strabismus
The causes of strabismus are very diverse. They can be either congenital or acquired in nature:
- The presence of ametropia (hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism) of medium and high degrees;
- Injuries;
- Paralysis and paresis;
- Anomalies in the development and attachment of the oculomotor muscles;
- Diseases of the central nervous system;
- Stress;
- Infectious diseases (measles, scarlet fever, diphtheria, flu, etc.);
- Somatic diseases;
- Mental trauma (fear);
- A sharp decrease in visual acuity of one eye.
Strabismus symptoms
Man with strabismus symptoms
Human vision would normally be binocular. Binocular vision is the two-eyed vision with the association of the stimuli produced from each eye into a single image in the visual analyser (cerebral cortex). Binocular vision allows stereoscopic vision-it allows you to see the three-dimensional world, determine the distance between objects, perceive the world's depth and physicality. The central nervous system does not occur with strabismus of this compound in the visual monitoring system and excludes the sight of the squinting eye in order to protect itself from double vision.
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