Blepharitis is an inflammation of the eyelid edges that can be both chronic and acute. Symptoms include eyelid burning and scratching, with redness and swelling. Diagnosis requires history and review of the drug. Topical antibiotics or systemic antiviral drugs are normally used in acute ulcerative blepharitis. Topical glucocorticoids can be recommended for the acute non-ulcer blepharitis. Chronic disease should be treated with artificial tear substitutes, warm compresses and occasionally oral antibiotics (e.g., tetracycline) for meibomic gland dysfunction, and seborrheic blepharitis should be treated with eyelid hygiene and artificial tear substitutes.
Causes of blepharitis
What is the reason for this inflammation? This is also the consequence of age-related modifications, the involvement of gastrointestinal tract chronic disorders, seborrheic dermatitis, rosacea, diabetes mellitus, Sjogren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, rosacea and hormonal swings. Systemic administration of retinal acid preparations (for acne treatment), hormone replacement therapy used by women during menopause, antihistamines and antidepressants often lead to blepharitis growth. Violation of local immunity, the presence of immunodeficiency states and the frequent use of cosmetics (especially high-density foundation) are provoking factors in this pathology.
In addition, uncorrected or wrongly corrected refractive errors (hyperopia, astigmatism, less often myopia) is a common source of inflammation according to Russian and international publications. Therefore, it is very important to find a professional expert who conducts the selection of glasses according to clinical guidelines when correcting the vision.
Blepharitis symptoms
The most common blepharitis symptoms are redness of the edges of the eyelids and the eye itself, scratching of varying intensity, swelling, lacrimation, a foreign body feeling, increased eye fatigue. With a long period, the disease causes eyelid edge ulceration, a change in eyelid form, loss of eyelashes, and the incorrect direction of their development, corneal inflammation. All of this can lead to a significant and permanent reduction in vision. That is why an ophthalmologist needs to be contacted in time, as prompt care would ensure fast recovery. Otherwise, the process will turn into a chronic form, and the treatment will take months or even years.
Blepharitis treatment
While the etiology and clinical types of blepharitis can vary considerably, in most cases the treatment strategies are the same.
Second, it includes removing the causes of the disease. Refraction errors are corrected, adverse factors (dust, chemical contaminants, inflammatory infectious foci) are removed.
Non-pharmacotherapy. One of the most effective and widely used prevention techniques is eyelid hygiene.
Eyelid hygiene - maintains the regular and proper functioning of the glands, normalizes metabolic processes in the eyelid skin and promotes the development of a healthy lacrimal film. The prevention and treatment of blepharitis is focused on the protection of the eyelids, particularly the marginal portion, from the effects of negative environmental factors, various parasites, and infections.
All therapeutic eyelid hygiene can be divided into two parts:
- Holding a warm compress of the eyelids;
- Eyelid massage.
A warm compress normalizes metabolic processes, does not allow lipid secretion in the gland ducts to solidify, preventing duct obstruction and, as a consequence, causing inflammation within the glands.
The use of cotton cosmetic discs previously moistened in hot water and squeezed to a wet state is advised when performing a compress. Disks are placed 1-2 minutes on closed eyes.
After the secret has become more liquid, the eyelids undergo a gentle massage. It helps you to eliminate unnecessary secretion, promote blood circulation and lymphatic drainage into the eye cavity, which will enhance metabolic processes.
In extreme blepharitis and at the beginning of treatment, it is recommended that a massage be performed by a professional, as sterile conditions must be monitored and controlled using a special instrument, a glass rod, and even anesthetic instillation. The patient carries out the massage on his own after the removal of the primary symptoms and with a positive state dynamics.
Self-massage uses a special cream to cleanse the eyelids of toxic substances, scales and crusts that arise against the backdrop of inflammation, as well as to moisturize the skin of the eyelids, decreasing irritation and itching.
Oddly enough, but even an increase in the number of blinking movements will help in the treatment of blepharitis, especially if the patient is working at the computer!
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