Chalazion (or hailstones) is a benign eyelid formation resulting from chronic proliferative inflammation of the meibomian gland (the gland of the cartilage of the eyelids).
Reasons and mechanism for the formation of a chalazion
The meibomian glands are in the thickness of a century's cartilage. They create a fatty secretion that lubricates the eyelid's edge, promotes the gliding of the eyelids on the cornea during blinking motion, and is involved in the creation of the tear film's lipid layer.
If the gland is clogged, the contents can not go outside and collect inside the gland itself, which is starting to increase slowly in size. A capsule is built around it, slowly.
Blockage of the gland's excretory duct can occur against the backdrop of colds, due to eyelid edge inflammation (blepharitis), gastrointestinal tract diseases (chronic gastritis, colitis, gastroenterocolitis, biliary dyskinesia, dysbacteria, etc.). Halazione can also result from meibomyitis, which is an acute inflammation of the eyelid's gland.
Chalazion is a fairly common disease, occurs at any age, and is often repeated.
How to treat chalazion?
If you have repeated chalazions, blepharitis, gastrointestinal tract problems, then hygienic treatment and eyelid massage may be recommended, which reduces the blockage of the meibomic gland ducts and thus reduces the risk of chalazione formation.
In the event of acute blepharitis or meibomyitis, appropriate care should be sought in due time:
- Warm compresses can be effective with a newly developed halazione.
- Small chalazions usually resolve themselves within 2-3 weeks.
- A positive result is achieved by injecting (injection) a corticosteroid drug (Kenalog) into the chalazion cavity.
The most common treatment is chirurgical removal. The operation is simple, lasts 15-30 minutes under local anesthesia.Depending on the localization of the chalazion, an incision is made in the skin or conjunctiva and the chalazion with the capsule is excised. No sutures are required if the incision is made from the conjunctiva. If they are operated on the skin side, 1-2 sutures are applied.
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